Networking / Beginners

The Application Layer

Layer 7 is the top layer in this model. It contains the protocols that end users' applications need, like telnet to log into a machine, SMTP for email, HTTP for the WWW and so on.

Beyond the application layer are the programs that the user sees: a browser that uses HTTP or an emailer that uses SMTP to send email.

Following these sections:
How the Layers Fit Together
Why Layers and Encapsulation?
The Internet Model
The Link Layer
Models and Protocols
Comparing OSI and Internet Models

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In this tutorial:

  1. Layering Models
  2. The Seven Layer Model
  3. The Physical Layer
  4. The Data Link Layer
  5. The Network Layer
  6. The Transport Layer
  7. The Session Layer
  8. The Presentation Layer
  9. The Application Layer
  10. How the Layers Fit Together
  11. Why Layers and Encapsulation?
  12. The Internet Model
  13. The Link Layer
  14. Models and Protocols
  15. Comparing OSI and Internet Models