Networking / Beginners

Wi-Fi Protected Access

WPA is the successor to the WEP protocol. After the weaknesses in the WEP implementations were discovered, WPA served as a stop-gap measure for securing wireless networks while the IEEE 802.11 standards committee developed a more robust and permanent solution. The inner workings of WPA were specified in the early versions of the IEEE 802.11i standard.

Two flavors of WPA exist: Temporal Key Integrity Protocol WPA (TKIP/WPA) and Advanced Encryption Standard WPA (AES/WPA).

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In this tutorial:

  1. Securing Wireless Networks
  2. Security Background
  3. Security Services
  4. Cryptographic Concepts and Terms
  5. Encryption and Decryption
  6. Keyspace
  7. Exclusive OR (XOR)
  8. Algorithm
  9. Asymmetric Encryption Algorithms
  10. Public-Private Key Cryptography
  11. Cipher
  12. Concealment Ciphers vs. Running Key Ciphers
  13. Stream Ciphers vs. Block Ciphers
  14. Cipher Examples
  15. Cipher Implementations
  16. Wi-Fi Protected Access
  17. TKIP/WPA
  18. Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 (WPA2)
  19. CCMP/AES
  20. Hash Functions
  21. EAP
  22. EAP Entities
  23. EAP Grammar
  24. EAP Types
  25. EAP-TTLS
  26. EAP-PSK
  27. EAP-SIM
  28. EAP-AKA
  29. IEEE 802.11i
  30. Four-Way Handshake
  31. IEEE 802.11i Considerations